struct BigDecimal
Overview
A BigDecimal
can represent arbitrarily large precision decimals.
It is internally represented by a pair of BigInt
and UInt64
: value and scale.
Value contains the actual value, and scale tells the decimal point place.
E.g. when value is 1234
and scale 2
, the result is 12.34
.
NOTE To use BigDecimal
, you must explicitly import it with require "big"
The general idea and some of the arithmetic algorithms were adapted from the MIT/APACHE-licensed bigdecimal-rs.
Included Modules
Defined in:
big.crbig/big_decimal.cr
big/number.cr
Constant Summary
-
DEFAULT_MAX_DIV_ITERATIONS =
100_u64
-
DEPRECATED Use
DEFAULT_PRECISION
instead -
DEFAULT_PRECISION =
100_u64
Constructors
-
.new(value : BigInt, scale : UInt64)
Creates a new
BigDecimal
fromBigInt
value andUInt64
scale, which matches the internal representation. -
.new(num : Float)
Creates a new
BigDecimal
fromFloat
. -
.new(num : BigRational)
Creates a new
BigDecimal
fromBigRational
. -
.new(num : BigDecimal)
Returns num.
-
.new(num : Int = 0, scale : Int = 0)
Creates a new
BigDecimal
fromInt
. -
.new(str : String)
Creates a new
BigDecimal
from aString
.
Instance Method Summary
- #%(other : BigDecimal) : BigDecimal
- #%(other : Int)
- #*(other : BigDecimal) : BigDecimal
- #*(other : Number) : BigDecimal
-
#**(other : Int) : BigDecimal
Raises the decimal to the otherth power
- #+(other : BigDecimal) : BigDecimal
- #+(other : Number) : BigDecimal
- #-(other : BigDecimal) : BigDecimal
- #-(other : Number) : BigDecimal
- #- : BigDecimal
- #/(other : BigDecimal) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : BigInt) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : BigFloat) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : BigRational) : BigRational
- #/(other : Int8) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : UInt8) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : Int16) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : UInt16) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : Int32) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : UInt32) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : Int64) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : UInt64) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : Int128) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : UInt128) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : Float32) : BigDecimal
- #/(other : Float64) : BigDecimal
-
#<=>(other : BigDecimal) : Int32
The comparison operator.
- #<=>(other : BigRational) : Int32
- #<=>(other : Float::Primitive) : Int32 | Nil
- #<=>(other : BigFloat) : Int32
- #<=>(other : Int)
-
#==(other : BigDecimal) : Bool
Compares this object to other based on the receiver’s
<=>
method, returningtrue
if it returns0
. -
#ceil : BigDecimal
Rounds towards positive infinity.
- #clone
-
#div(other : BigDecimal, precision = DEFAULT_PRECISION) : BigDecimal
Divides
self
with anotherBigDecimal
, with an optionally configurable precision. -
#div(other : BigDecimal, *, max_div_iterations = DEFAULT_MAX_DIV_ITERATIONS) : BigDecimal
Divides
self
with anotherBigDecimal
, with an optionally configurable precision.DEPRECATED Use
#div(other : BigDecimal, precision = DEFAULT_PRECISION)
instead -
#floor : BigDecimal
Rounds towards negative infinity.
-
#integer? : Bool
Returns
true
ifself
is an integer. -
#normalize_quotient(other : BigDecimal, quotient : BigInt) : BigInt
Returns the quotient as absolutely negative if
self
and other have different signs, otherwise returns the quotient. -
#round(digits : Number, base = 10, *, mode : RoundingMode = :ties_even) : BigDecimal
Rounds this number to a given precision.
-
#round_away : BigDecimal
Rounds towards the nearest integer.
-
#round_even : BigDecimal
Rounds towards the nearest integer.
- #scale : UInt64
-
#scale_to(new_scale : BigDecimal) : BigDecimal
Scales a
BigDecimal
to anotherBigDecimal
, so they can be computed easier. - #to_big_d
-
#to_big_f
Converts to
BigFloat
. -
#to_big_i : BigInt
Converts to
BigInt
. - #to_big_r : BigRational
-
#to_f : Float64
Converts to
Float64
. -
#to_f! : Float64
Converts to
Float64
. -
#to_f32 : Float32
Converts to
Float32
. -
#to_f32!
Converts to
Float32
. -
#to_f64 : Float64
Converts to
Float64
. -
#to_f64! : Float64
Converts to
Float64
. -
#to_i : Int32
Converts to
Int32
. -
#to_i! : Int32
Converts to
Int32
. -
#to_i16 : Int16
Converts to
Int16
. -
#to_i16!
Converts to
Int16
. -
#to_i32 : Int32
Converts to
Int32
. -
#to_i32! : Int32
Converts to
Int32
. -
#to_i64 : Int64
Converts to
Int64
. -
#to_i64!
Converts to
Int64
. -
#to_i8 : Int8
Converts to
Int8
. -
#to_i8!
Converts to
Int8
. -
#to_s(io : IO) : Nil
Prints a nicely readable and concise string representation of this object, typically intended for users, to io.
-
#to_u : UInt32
Converts to
UInt32
. -
#to_u! : UInt32
Converts to
UInt32
. -
#to_u16 : UInt16
Converts to
UInt16
. -
#to_u16!
Converts to
UInt16
. -
#to_u32 : UInt32
Converts to
UInt32
. -
#to_u32! : UInt32
Converts to
UInt32
. -
#to_u64 : UInt64
Converts to
UInt64
. -
#to_u64!
Converts to
UInt64
. -
#to_u8 : UInt8
Converts to
UInt8
. -
#to_u8!
Converts to
UInt8
. -
#trunc : BigDecimal
Rounds towards zero.
- #value : BigInt
-
#zero? : Bool
Returns
true
ifself
is equal to zero.
Instance methods inherited from module Comparable(BigDecimal)
<(other : T) : Bool
<,
<=(other : T)
<=,
<=>(other : T)
<=>,
==(other : T)
==,
>(other : T) : Bool
>,
>=(other : T)
>=,
clamp(min, max)clamp(range : Range) clamp
Instance methods inherited from module Comparable(BigRational)
<(other : T) : Bool
<,
<=(other : T)
<=,
<=>(other : T)
<=>,
==(other : T)
==,
>(other : T) : Bool
>,
>=(other : T)
>=,
clamp(min, max)clamp(range : Range) clamp
Instance methods inherited from module Comparable(Float)
<(other : T) : Bool
<,
<=(other : T)
<=,
<=>(other : T)
<=>,
==(other : T)
==,
>(other : T) : Bool
>,
>=(other : T)
>=,
clamp(min, max)clamp(range : Range) clamp
Instance methods inherited from module Comparable(Int)
<(other : T) : Bool
<,
<=(other : T)
<=,
<=>(other : T)
<=>,
==(other : T)
==,
>(other : T) : Bool
>,
>=(other : T)
>=,
clamp(min, max)clamp(range : Range) clamp
Instance methods inherited from struct Number
*(other : BigFloat) : BigFloat*(other : Complex) : Complex *, +(other : BigFloat)
+(other : Complex) : Complex
+ +, -(other : BigFloat)
-(other : Complex) : Complex -, /(other : BigFloat) : BigFloat
/(other : Complex) : Complex /, //(other) //, <=>(other) : Int32 | Nil <=>, ==(other : Complex) ==, abs : self abs, abs2 abs2, cis : Complex cis, divmod(number) divmod, format(io : IO, separator = '.', delimiter = ',', decimal_places : Int | Nil = nil, *, group : Int = 3, only_significant : Bool = false) : Nil
format(separator = '.', delimiter = ',', decimal_places : Int | Nil = nil, *, group : Int = 3, only_significant : Bool = false) : String format, hash(hasher) hash, humanize(io : IO, precision = 3, separator = '.', delimiter = ',', *, base = 10 ** 3, significant = true, unit_separator = nil, prefixes : Indexable = SI_PREFIXES) : Nil
humanize(io : IO, precision = 3, separator = '.', delimiter = ',', *, base = 10 ** 3, significant = true, unit_separator = nil, prefixes : Proc) : Nil
humanize(precision = 3, separator = '.', delimiter = ',', *, base = 10 ** 3, significant = true, unit_separator = nil, prefixes = SI_PREFIXES) : String
humanize(io : IO, precision = 3, separator = '.', delimiter = ',', *, base = 10 ** 3, significant = true, unit_separator = nil, &prefixes : Int32, Float64 -> Tuple(Int32, _) | Tuple(Int32, _, Bool)) : Nil
humanize(precision = 3, separator = '.', delimiter = ',', *, base = 10 ** 3, significant = true, unit_separator = nil, &) : String
humanize(precision = 3, separator = '.', delimiter = ',', *, base = 10 ** 3, significant = true, unit_separator = nil, prefixes : Proc) : String humanize, i : Complex i, integer? : Bool integer?, negative? : Bool negative?, positive? : Bool positive?, round(mode : RoundingMode = :ties_even) : self
round(digits : Number, base = 10, *, mode : RoundingMode = :ties_even) round, sign : Int32 sign, significant(digits, base = 10) significant, step(*, to limit = nil, exclusive : Bool = false, &) : Nil
step(*, to limit = nil, exclusive : Bool = false) step, to_big_f : BigFloat to_big_f, to_c : Complex to_c, to_yaml(yaml : YAML::Nodes::Builder) : Nil to_yaml, zero? : Bool zero?
Constructor methods inherited from struct Number
additive_identity : self
additive_identity,
multiplicative_identity : self
multiplicative_identity,
zero : self
zero
Class methods inherited from struct Number
si_prefix(magnitude : Int, prefixes = SI_PREFIXES) : Char | Nil
si_prefix
Macros inherited from struct Number
[](*nums)
[],
slice(*nums, read_only = false)
slice,
static_array(*nums)
static_array
Instance methods inherited from module Comparable(BigFloat)
<(other : T) : Bool
<,
<=(other : T)
<=,
<=>(other : T)
<=>,
==(other : T)
==,
>(other : T) : Bool
>,
>=(other : T)
>=,
clamp(min, max)clamp(range : Range) clamp
Instance methods inherited from module Steppable
step(*, to limit = nil, by step, exclusive : Bool = false, &) : Nilstep(*, to limit = nil, by step, exclusive : Bool = false) step
Instance methods inherited from module Comparable(Number)
<(other : T) : Bool
<,
<=(other : T)
<=,
<=>(other : T)
<=>,
==(other : T)
==,
>(other : T) : Bool
>,
>=(other : T)
>=,
clamp(min, max)clamp(range : Range) clamp
Instance methods inherited from struct Value
==(other : JSON::Any)==(other : YAML::Any)
==(other) ==, dup dup
Instance methods inherited from class Object
! : Bool
!,
!=(other)
!=,
!~(other)
!~,
==(other)
==,
===(other : JSON::Any)===(other : YAML::Any)
===(other) ===, =~(other) =~, as(type : Class) as, as?(type : Class) as?, class class, dup dup, hash(hasher)
hash hash, in?(collection : Object) : Bool
in?(*values : Object) : Bool in?, inspect(io : IO) : Nil
inspect : String inspect, is_a?(type : Class) : Bool is_a?, itself itself, nil? : Bool nil?, not_nil!(message)
not_nil! not_nil!, pretty_inspect(width = 79, newline = "\n", indent = 0) : String pretty_inspect, pretty_print(pp : PrettyPrint) : Nil pretty_print, responds_to?(name : Symbol) : Bool responds_to?, tap(&) tap, to_json(io : IO) : Nil
to_json : String to_json, to_pretty_json(indent : String = " ") : String
to_pretty_json(io : IO, indent : String = " ") : Nil to_pretty_json, to_s(io : IO) : Nil
to_s : String to_s, to_yaml(io : IO) : Nil
to_yaml : String to_yaml, try(&) try, unsafe_as(type : T.class) forall T unsafe_as
Class methods inherited from class Object
from_json(string_or_io, root : String)from_json(string_or_io) from_json, from_yaml(string_or_io : String | IO) from_yaml
Macros inherited from class Object
class_getter(*names, &block)
class_getter,
class_getter!(*names)
class_getter!,
class_getter?(*names, &block)
class_getter?,
class_property(*names, &block)
class_property,
class_property!(*names)
class_property!,
class_property?(*names, &block)
class_property?,
class_setter(*names)
class_setter,
def_clone
def_clone,
def_equals(*fields)
def_equals,
def_equals_and_hash(*fields)
def_equals_and_hash,
def_hash(*fields)
def_hash,
delegate(*methods, to object)
delegate,
forward_missing_to(delegate)
forward_missing_to,
getter(*names, &block)
getter,
getter!(*names)
getter!,
getter?(*names, &block)
getter?,
property(*names, &block)
property,
property!(*names)
property!,
property?(*names, &block)
property?,
setter(*names)
setter
Constructor Detail
Creates a new BigDecimal
from BigInt
value and UInt64
scale,
which matches the internal representation.
Creates a new BigDecimal
from Float
.
NOTE Floats are fundamentally less precise than BigDecimals, which makes initialization from them risky.
Creates a new BigDecimal
from BigRational
.
NOTE BigRational are fundamentally more precise than BigDecimals, which makes initialization from them risky.
Returns num. Useful for generic code that does T.new(...)
with T
being a Number
.
Creates a new BigDecimal
from a String
.
Allows only valid number strings with an optional negative sign.
Instance Method Detail
Raises the decimal to the otherth power
require "big"
BigDecimal.new(1234, 2) ** 2 # => 152.2756
The comparison operator. Returns 0
if the two objects are equal,
a negative number if this object is considered less than other,
a positive number if this object is considered greater than other,
or nil
if the two objects are not comparable.
Subclasses define this method to provide class-specific ordering.
The comparison operator is usually used to sort values:
# Sort in a descending way:
[3, 1, 2].sort { |x, y| y <=> x } # => [3, 2, 1]
# Sort in an ascending way:
[3, 1, 2].sort { |x, y| x <=> y } # => [1, 2, 3]
Compares this object to other based on the receiver’s <=>
method,
returning true
if it returns 0
.
Also returns true
if this and other are the same object.
Divides self
with another BigDecimal
, with an optionally configurable
precision.
When the division is inexact, the returned value rounds towards negative
infinity, and its scale is never greater than
scale - other.scale + precision
.
BigDecimal.new(1).div(BigDecimal.new(2)) # => BigDecimal(@value=5, @scale=2)
BigDecimal.new(1).div(BigDecimal.new(3), 5) # => BigDecimal(@value=33333, @scale=5)
Divides self
with another BigDecimal
, with an optionally configurable
precision.
When the division is inexact, the returned value rounds towards negative
infinity, and its scale is never greater than
scale - other.scale + precision
.
BigDecimal.new(1).div(BigDecimal.new(2)) # => BigDecimal(@value=5, @scale=2)
BigDecimal.new(1).div(BigDecimal.new(3), 5) # => BigDecimal(@value=33333, @scale=5)
DEPRECATED Use #div(other : BigDecimal, precision = DEFAULT_PRECISION)
instead
Returns true
if self
is an integer.
Non-integer types may return true
as long as self
denotes a finite value
without any fractional parts.
1.integer? # => true
1.0.integer? # => true
1.2.integer? # => false
(1 / 0).integer? # => false
(0 / 0).integer? # => false
Returns the quotient as absolutely negative if self
and other have
different signs, otherwise returns the quotient.
Rounds this number to a given precision.
Rounds to the specified number of digits after the decimal place, (or before if negative), in base base.
The rounding mode controls the direction of the rounding. The default is
RoundingMode::TIES_EVEN
which rounds to the nearest integer, with ties
(fractional value of 0.5
) being rounded to the even neighbor (Banker's rounding).
-1763.116.round(2) # => -1763.12
Rounds towards the nearest integer. If both neighboring integers are equidistant, rounds away from zero.
Rounds towards the nearest integer. If both neighboring integers are equidistant, rounds towards the even neighbor (Banker's rounding).
Scales a BigDecimal
to another BigDecimal
, so they can be
computed easier.
Converts to BigInt
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
Converts to Float64
.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Converts to Float64
.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Converts to Int32
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
Raises OverflowError
in case of overflow.
Converts to Int32
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Converts to Int16
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
Raises OverflowError
in case of overflow.
Converts to Int16
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Converts to Int32
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
Raises OverflowError
in case of overflow.
Converts to Int32
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Converts to Int64
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
Raises OverflowError
in case of overflow.
Converts to Int64
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Converts to Int8
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
Raises OverflowError
in case of overflow.
Converts to Int8
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Prints a nicely readable and concise string representation of this object, typically intended for users, to io.
This method is called when an object is interpolated in a string literal:
"foo #{bar} baz" # calls bar.to_io with the builder for this string
IO#<<
calls this method to append an object to itself:
io << bar # calls bar.to_s(io)
Thus implementations must not interpolate self
in a string literal or call
io << self
which both would lead to an endless loop.
Also see #inspect(IO)
.
Converts to UInt32
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
Raises OverflowError
in case of overflow.
Converts to UInt32
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point,
converting negative to positive.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Converts to UInt16
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
Raises OverflowError
in case of overflow.
Converts to UInt16
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point,
converting negative to positive.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Converts to UInt32
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
Raises OverflowError
in case of overflow.
Converts to UInt32
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point,
converting negative to positive.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Converts to UInt64
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
Raises OverflowError
in case of overflow.
Converts to UInt64
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point,
converting negative to positive.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Converts to UInt8
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point.
Raises OverflowError
in case of overflow.
Converts to UInt8
. Truncates anything on the right side of the decimal point,
converting negative to positive.
In case of overflow a wrapping is performed.
Returns true
if self
is equal to zero.
0.zero? # => true
5.zero? # => false